Archive for October, 2008

雄伯手記971101b

October 31, 2008

雄伯手記971101b

 

有一次在網路瀏覽到一個「沙發沖浪」Couchsurfing 的網站,是全世界愛好自助旅行的人,免費提供家中客房或沙發空間作為交換住宿。一時大為興奮,心想,我榮正街原有老家,反正空置在那裡,雖然破舊,長沙發還在,何不用來充當參加「沙發沖浪」的資源?

 

參加以後,才發現到最終的問題還是出現在自己身上。對方來不僅是要尋求免費的住所而已,還需要時間跟精神去交流。問題是自己生活的步調會不會因此而受到擾亂?也就是兩者必須要二者擇ㄧ的話,我必然要去衡量到兩者各自的價值跟意義,孰重孰輕?

 

觀看TBS李四端對於陸委會賴幸媛的訪談。雖然明知那是事先安排好的講稿文宣,問題問得尖銳,回答也中肯得四平八穩,還是對於賴幸媛才華跟能力的表現予以肯定。畢竟兩岸的關係,統一與主權獨立的要求本來就充滿了互不信任的猜疑,又要顧慮到對方「寧失千軍,不喪寸土」的大國立場,又要兼顧到自己內部以主權尊嚴為訴求的民粹,立場本身已經是閃閃爍爍的為難,卻又要化約成簡單明瞭的口號語言,來讓大眾明白,還真是戛戛乎難哉!

 

 

雄伯手記971101b

October 30, 2008

雄伯手記971101b

 

 

腳踏車從石井回到金門碼頭,一上岸就開始迷路,我將金門城的路標誤當著是金城。雖然是多繞了一大段路,卻也飽覽偏遠地區的風光及一座小小的舊城門。就像前一天過泉州時,問石井、水頭方向很多人不知道,問廈門方向又怕騎過頭。結果多繞了好一段路及多經歷一段沿海人車稀少地區的恐慌,在天黑以前,終於還是讓我找到正確方向。

 

到捷安特店將腳踏車重新裝箱後,再搭乘計程車到機場。沒想到星期一竟然是每班飛機都客滿。復興航空的櫃檯小姐看到我推著這大箱腳踏車,不禁皺眉頭起來:「我們的飛機較小,你是候補機位,今天又是客滿,乘客行李多,你這一大箱,飛機恐怕裝不下,請你到別家問看看。」

 

於是我學聰明起來,先將腳踏車推到她們看不到的地方,再隻身到華信航空櫃檯,終於讓我買到候補機票。然後再匆匆忙忙趕到已經排好幾長排的託運櫃檯。推車擠不進入,我一急乾脆將箱子拉成單薄長方形方向猛擠。還好捷安特的腳踏車重量輕,終於還是順利過關。

 

到了松山機場,又是ㄧ番匆匆忙忙。推車尚未到達櫃檯,我就聽到往花蓮的飛機即將起飛的廣播。幸好,櫃檯人員熱心協助,買票、劃位、刷卡、託運等動作都在幾分鐘內完成。然後,我帶著背包,連跑帶衝地經過安全檢查,氣喘如牛地,在機員的注目下,成為最後一位到達機艙門的乘客。

 

出了花蓮機場大門,遇到的是一位五十幾歲的女計程車司機。她問我到大陸旅遊,為什麼不攜老伴同行?我無可奈何說:「她走她的,我走我的,看開就好!」她聽了大為興奮,開始侃侃而談她的離婚經驗:「對!對!兩人合不來就要離。我被他折磨多那麼多年,實在忍受不了!終於讓我辦妥離婚。前些日子他後悔了,要我回去。我才沒有那麼傻!我寧可當計程車司機!」

雄伯手記971031b

October 29, 2008

雄伯手記971030b

 

最近閱讀及翻譯哲學家德勒茲的「千高台」,一個困惑時常油然而生:為什麼哲學家不將他所要表達的思想具體化或淺顯化,讓別人可以容易理解?

 

這個問題可以這樣回答:哲學家的思維方式常是從歸納induction到演繹deduction。原先本來就是具體的,歸納以後成為抽象的原理後,就ㄧ直推論下去。而俗眾的理解方式卻往往是具體的事物。原理要讓人理解,通常只有舉例,或用比喻或換喻的方式。問題是俗眾常將舉例及比喻一廂情願地理解成為自己想像的樣子,很容易差之毫米,謬之千里。如禪宗的以手指月的圓缺,對方卻以為他的手如何好看。

 

我自己寫手記時,亦常有此懊惱。各種感懷大多從週遭人、事、物所觸發。但表達時必然要將真實的人事物隱去,以免形成八卦的傳聞。即使是如此,俗眾所感到興趣往往不是我抽離出來的情懷感慨,而是捕風捉影地去對號入座。俗眾對八卦的好奇,永遠勝過對於抽象理念的真理的潁悟。這又導致另外一個問題:寫作是在隱藏真相?還是在揭發真理?

 

手記原先是想真實地剖析自己,以尋求面對真實的自我面貌。鍵入時卻不斷地在抹除各種蛛絲馬跡,不曉得這樣會不會反而是欲蓋彌彰?

Deleuze 18 德勒茲

October 29, 2008

Deleuze 18 德勒茲 千高台

Translated by Springhero 雄伯

32hsiung@pchome.com.tw

 

Memories of a Spinozist, I

史賓諾莎的回憶

 

Substantial forms have been critiqued in many different ways. Spinoza’s approach is radical: Arrive at elements that no longer have either form or function, that are abstract in this sense even though they are perfectly real. They are distinguished solely by movement and rest, slowness and speed. They are not atoms, in other words, finite elements still endowed with form. Nor are they indefinitely divisible. They are infinitely small, ultimate parts of an actual infinity, laid out on the same plane of consistency or composition.

 

實質的形式已經受到各方面的批判。史賓諾莎的方法是激進的:直逼到不再有形式或功用的元素,這些元素在這個意義是抽象的,即使他們非常真實。只有憑藉動作跟休息,緩慢跟速度,才能區別出這些元素。他們不是原子,換言之,他們不是依舊具有形式的有限元素。他們也不是可無限分解下去。他們是真實永恆的小之又小的最後的部分,展延在一致性或組成的相同平面。

 

They are not defined by their number since they always come in infinities. However, depending on their degree of speed or the relation of movement and rest into which they enter, they belong to a given Individual, which may itself be part of another Individual governed by another, more complex, relation into which their parts enter. Thus each individual is an infinite multiplicity, and the whole of Nature is a multiplicity of perfectly individuated multiplicities.

 

這些元素無法以數量來定義,因為他們總是包含無限。可是,依靠速度的快慢,及他們所進入的動作跟休息的關係,他們屬於明確的個體,這個體本身可能是另外一個被其他更複雜關係所統轄的個體的部分,他們都參與這個關係。因此,每個個體都是ㄧ個無限的多重性,整個大自然就是一個非常個體化的多重性的多重性。

 

The plane of consistency of Nature is like an immense Abstract Machine, abstract yet real and individual; its pieces are the various assemblages and individuals, each of which groups together an infinity of particles entering into an infinity of more or less interconnected relations. There is therefore a unity to the plane of nature, which applies equally to the inanimate and the animate, the artificial and the natural.  This plane has nothing to do with a form or a figure, nor with a design or function.

 

大自然一致性的平面就像是一台巨大的抽象機器,抽象但是真實而個體化。他的零件就是各種裝配跟個體,每一個都聚集無限的分子,進入一個無限而互相關聯的關係。大自然的平面因此有個一致性,可同樣應用到無生命及有生命,人為及自然。這個平面跟形式或圖形無關,跟設計或功用也無關。

 

Its unity has nothing to do with a ground buried deep within things, nor with an end or a project in the mind of God. Instead, it is a plane upon which everything is laid out, and which is like the intersection of all forms, the machine of all functions; its dimensions, however, increase with those of the multiplicities of individualities it cuts across. It is a fixed plane, upon which things are distinguished from one another only by speed and slowness.

 

它的一致性跟深藏於事物內部的地面無關,跟上帝心目中所構想的目標或計畫也無關。代替的,它是一個每一樣東西都展延出來的平面,就像是各種形式的交會,各種功用的機器,可是,它的向量會隨著它所交會的個體的多重性的向量而增加。這是一個固定的平面,只有憑藉速度跟緩慢,事物彼此才能被區別出來。

 

A plane of immanence or univocality opposed to analogy . The One is said with a single meaning of all the multiple. Being expresses in a single meaning all that differs. What we are talking about is not the unity of substance but the infinity of the modifications that are part of one another on this unique plane of life.

 

內在性或單一性的平面跟類比對立。大宇宙據說有一個包含所有多重性的單一意義。存在以這個單一意義表達各種差異。我們所思考的不是物質的一致性,而是在這個獨特的生命平面上,彼此相屬的各種調適的無限性。

 

The never-ending debate between Cuvier and Geoffroy Hilaire: both agree at least in denouncing resemblances, or imaginary, sensible analogies, but in Cuvier, scientific definition concerns the relations between organs, and between organs and functions. Cuvier thus takes analogy to the scientific stage, making it an analogy of proportionality. The unity of the plane, according to him, can only be a unity of analogy, therefore a transcendent unity that cannot be realized without fragmenting into distinct branches, according to irreducible, uncrossable, heterogeneous compositions. Baer would later add; according to noncommunicating types of development and differentiation. The plane is a hidden plane of organization, a structure or genesis. Geoffroy has an entirely different point of view because he goes beyond organs and functions to abstract elements he terms “ anatomical,” even to particles, pure materials that enter into various combinations, forming a given organ  and assuming a given function depending on their degree of speed or slowness.

 

古比跟喬夫洛不斷地在爭論:兩人至少都同意抨擊類同、或非真實的似乎合理的類比。但是古比認為,科學的定義關係到器官之間,器官與功用之間的關係。他因此將類比當著是科學的階段,使成為比率的類比。依照他的說法,平面的一致性只能是類比的一致性,因此,一個超驗的一致性必定要依照不可化簡,不可越過的多樣行組合,零碎成為不同的枝節,才能被實現。貝爾後來補充說:要依照發展及延異不相溝通的方式而定。這個平面是組織的隱藏平面,一個結構或開端。喬夫洛則有不同的觀點,因為他超越器官跟功用,直逼他所稱為的「解剖」的抽象元素,甚至到達分子,進入各種組合的純粹材料,形成一個特定器官,擔負起一個特定的功用,依照速度或緩慢的程度而定。

 

Speed and slowness, movement and rest, tardiness and rapidity subordinate not only the forms of structure but also the types of development. This approach later reappears in an evolutionist framework., with Perrier”s tachygenesis and differential rates of growth in allometry, species as kinematic entities that are either precocious or retarded. ( Even the question of fertility is less one of form and function than speed; do the paternal chromosomes arrive early enough to be incorporated into the nuclei?)

In any case, there is a pure plane of immanence, univocality, composition, upon which everything is given, upon which unformed elements and materials dance that enter into this or that individuated assemblage depending on their connections, their relations of movement.

 

速度及緩慢,動作及休息,遲緩及快速不但隸屬結構的形式,而且也隸屬發展的方式。這個方法後來又出現在進化論的架構上,培瑞的異速起源論及有機體成長的不同速率,將品種視為動力學的實體,不是早熟,就是遲緩(即使是繁殖的問題也不是形式跟功用,而是速度的問題。父親的遺傳因子到達得足夠早,可以合併入卵子裡嗎?)無論如何,每一樣東西都有一個純粹的內在性、單一性及組合的平面,沒有形式的元素跟材料可以在上面跳舞,只有憑藉速度才能彼此區別,依靠他們的關聯及動作的關係,而進入各種個體化的裝配。

 

A fixed plane of life upon which everything stirs, slows down or accelerates. A single abstract Animal for all the assemblages that effectuate it. A unique plane of consistency or composition for the cephalopod and the vertebrate; for the vertebrate to become an octopus or Cuttlefish, all it would have to do is fold itself in two fast enough to fuse the elements of the halves of its back together, then bring its pelvis up to the nape of its neck and gather its limbs together, into one of its extremities, like “ a clown who throws his head and shoulders back and walks on his head and hands.” Plication.

 

這是個每一樣東西都騷動其上,緩慢或加速度的固定的生命平面。一隻獨特的抽象的動物作各種裝配,來使自己產生效率。一個獨特的一致性及組合的平面,給頭足類動物及脊椎動物。為了要讓脊椎動物成為章魚或烏賊,它所必須做的就是快速將自己摺疊成兩半,將背後的半段融合在一起,然後將骨盆提升到頸項的位置,將四肢聚合成ㄧ個各種極端的組合,就像是一位小丑頭肩倒立,靠著頭跟手行走,這叫摺疊功。

 

It is no longer a question of organs and functions, and of a transcendent Plane that can preside over their organization only by means of analogical relations and types of divergent development. It is a question not of organization but of composition; not of development or differentiation but of movement and rest, speed and slowness. It is a question of elements and particles, which do or do not arrive fast enough to effect a passage, a becoming or jump on the same plane of pure immanence . And if there are in fact, rifts between assemblages, it is not by virtue of their essential irreducibility but rather because there are always elements that do not arrive on time, or arrive after everything is over; thus it is necessary to pass through fog, to cross voids, to have lead times and delays, which are themselves part of the plane of immanence. Even the failures are part of the plane. We must try to conceive of this world in which a single fixed plane—which we shall call a plane of absolute immobility or absolute movement—in traversed by nonformal elements of relative speed that enter this or that individuated assemblage depending on their degrees of speed and slowness. A plane of consistency peopled by anonymous matter, by infinite bits of impalpable matter entering into varying connection.

 

這不再是器官及功用的問題,因為超驗平面只有憑藉類比的關係跟多樣性發展的方式,才能掌控他們的組織。這是一個元素跟分子的問題,因為它們沒有足夠快速到達,可以造成一個過程,一個生成,或純粹內在性的相同平面的跳躍。假如裝配之間事實上有跳躍或分裂存在,那不是憑藉著基本的不可化簡,而是總是有一些元素沒有準時到達,或是事過境遷之後才到達。因此,無可避免地要經歷過迷霧,越過空無,歷經艱辛跟耽誤,這些本身就是內在性平面的一部分。即使是失敗都是平面的一部分。我們必須設法想像這個世界是一個單一的固定平面,我們將稱之為絕對不動,或絕對移動的平面,讓不同速度的非正式的元素旅越過,依照他們速度及緩慢的程度,進入個體化的裝配。一個一致性的平面,被匿名的物質所駐紮,這些無數不可觸及的物質形成各種不同的連接。

 

Children are Spinozists. When Little Hans talks about a “ peepee-maker,” he is referring not an organ or an organic function but basically to a material, in other words, to an aggregate whose elements vary according to its connections, its relations of movement and rest, the different individuated assemblages it enters. Does a girl have a peepee-maker? The boy says yes, and not by analogy, nor ion order to conjure away  a fear of castration. It is obvious that girls have a peepee-maker because they effectively pee: a machinic functioning rather than an organic function. Quite simply, the same material has different connections, different relations of movement and rest, enters different assemblages in the case of the boy and the girl ( a girl does not pee standing or into the distance).

 

小孩都是史賓諾莎主義者。當小漢斯談到「尿尿製造噐」,他提到的不是一個器官或器官的功用,而基本上是提到一個物質,換言之,提到一個聚合體,它的元素會有變化,依照它的連接,它的動作跟休息的關係,以及它所進入的不同的個體化裝配。一個女孩有尿尿製造器嗎?這男孩說有,但不是作為類比,也不是為了驅除被去势的恐懼。很明顯的,女孩有尿尿製造器,因為她們有效地尿尿:這是一個機械式的功用,而不是一個器官的功用。顯而易見的,相同的物質會有不同的連接,不同的動作跟休息的關係,依照男孩跟女孩的情形而有不同的裝配(女孩不會站著尿尿或朝遠處射尿)。

 

Does a locomotive have a peepee-maker? Yes, in yet another machinic assemblage. Chairs don’t have them: but that is because the elements of the chair were not able to integrate this material into their relations, or decomposed the relation with that material to the point that it yielded something else, a rung, for example. It has been noted that for children an organ has “ a thousand vicissitudes,” that it is “ difficult to localize, difficult to identify, it is in turn a bone, an engine, excrement, the baby, a hand, daddy’s heart…” This is not at all because the organ is experienced as a part-object.

 

火車頭有尿尿製造器嗎?有的,那是另ㄧ種機械的裝配。椅子沒有尿尿製造器,但那是因為椅子的元素不能夠合併這個物質成為他們的關係,或瓦解這個物質到達可以產生某件其他像是梯階的東西的程度。有人注意到,對於小孩而言,一個器官擁有「千變萬化」,很難固定及辨認,它有時是骨頭,是引擎,是糞便,是嬰兒,是手,是爸爸的心臟等等。這倒不是因為器官被經驗到當著部份物體。

 

It is because the organ is exactly what its elements make it according to their relation of movement or rest, and the way in which this relation combines with or splits off from that of neighboring elements. This is not an animism, any more than it is mechanism; rather, it is universal machinism: a plane of consistency occupied by an immense abstract machine comprising an infinite number of assemblages. Children’s questions are poorly understood if they are not seen as question-machines; that is why indefinite articles play so important a rule in these questions( a belly, a child, a horse, a chair, “ how is a person made?” Spinozism is the becoming-child of the philosopher. We call the longitude of a body the particle aggregates belonging to that body in a given relation; these aggregates are part of each other depending on the composition of the relation that defines the individuated assemblage of the body.

 

這是因為器官確實是它的元素所組成,依照它們動作跟休息的關係,以及這個關係跟附近元素連接或分裂的方式。這個不是動物論,也不是機械論。相反的,這是舉世皆準的機器論:一個一致性的平面,被ㄧ個巨大的抽象機器所佔據,組成無窮盡的裝配。小孩的問題,若不是當著問題機器來看待,是無法徹底明白的。那就是為什麼有無窮盡的東西在他們的問題在扮演重要的角色(肚子、小孩、馬、椅子、及「人是怎麼製造的?」)。史賓諾莎主義是哲學家的生成小孩。我們稱呼身體的經緯度為分子聚合體,在特定的關係上屬於那個身體、這些聚合體是彼此的一部分,依照身體個體化裝配的關係的組合而定。

雄伯手記971030b

October 28, 2008

雄伯手記971030b

 

我騎腳踏車出遊大陸,本是以流浪漢的心情自況。但是途中遇到了真正的流浪漢,一位背著破爛,一身襤褸邋遢的老婦人攔住我,口中念念有詞,不知是問路,還是要錢。我一緊張,腳踏車從她旁邊一閃而過。腦中卻不禁慚愧地自責:這是個安全防衛的本能反應?還是我天性本就是偽善自私的動物?

 

第七天,我在石井的舒適旅社起個大早,前往搭乘早班的輪渡。過關行李檢查時,一位面色嚴峻的關員過來厲聲問道:「自行車有沒有申報?」我慌忙中囘說:「這是我自己騎用的。」他進一步威嚇:「廢話,自己騎的也可以沒收!」我開始無奈起來:「腳踏車是我從台灣、金門、廈門,一路騎過來。現在要回去,你要我怎樣申報?」他想了一想,忽然語氣一軟:「你走吧!」

 

還好到了證件檢查那一關,遇到的是一位年輕貌美,笑容可掬的女關員,連喊叫我的名字的聲音,都讓人覺得甜美。於是在服務滿意度的調查選項上,我心一軟,還是按上「滿意」的按鈕離去。

雄伯手記971029b

October 28, 2008

雄伯手記971029b

 

歸途理應是老馬,但是腳踏車是一踩一輪轉,爬坡照常是艱辛。途中有兩位壯碩的湖北佬,ㄧ前一後地追越過我。他們已經騎行二十幾天,要前往廈門。招呼幾句後,他們嘴巴直嚷「好累、好累」地先行。我認份地慢慢照我自己的速度前進,過了一個時辰,發現他們兩位端坐在路旁休息。我舉手招呼,沒有停下來跟他們寒喧,腦中想的是「伊索寓言」裡的龜兔競跑。

 

    原以為他們在短時間內就會追越過我,可是一直到中午吃午餐時刻都不見人影。倒是看到一個奇景,一位中年漢子慢慢騎著一部破舊的腳踏車,手卻牽引一匹壯健的白馬。我好生疑惑,卻又一直猛往前行,忘了靠近搭訕相問。

 

   第五天在洛陽過夜,由於到達時辰尚早,盥洗後就徒步到鎮區街道逛逛。有一家新的超市大樓正開幕,我在人潮中擠了幾分鐘,再繞到附近商家轉一下。霍然發現有兩片「和平統一台灣」的影碟,本來想買回來知彼知己一下,又怕過海關時惹來麻煩。心想,算了,一路觀察下來,海峽西岸氣如虹本是個不爭的事實,光是高速公路、快速道路,及國道沿途的蓬勃景象,就足夠讓人警惕到,台灣實在沒有夜郎自大的本錢。

 

 

雄伯手記971028b

October 27, 2008

雄伯手記971028b

 

單車大陸遊,原先在網路上規劃的是一年半載的長期遊。但那畢竟是意識流胡亂飄蕩時的遐想。在現實面來看,我現在其實塵緣未了,我尚有親友要來往,有家教額外收入,有網頁每日要更新,有德勒茲哲學要研讀,有讀書會要交流。人生固然終究要捨得,但是說來容易做來難。

 

沒有按照原來規劃前去長沙跟九月二十三日就先行出發的車友會合。一方面,一進大陸,手機及網路的溝通全部中斷,彼此無從聯繫。另ㄧ方面,考慮到我速度較慢,即使能會合也是人家的負擔。不如自己獨行,快慢由己,騎到哪裡算哪裡,豈不更自在?

 

別小看廈門只是個島,第二天光從東渡碼頭騎到出島就耗了我兩個多小時。廈門大橋不給腳踏車過,求過路車搭乘被婉拒。只好牽行到附近的舊火車橋的小路。剛好有一部三輪腳踏車載著水果費力地上坡,我在後面還幫忙推行一陣子。心裡自覺喜悅,我尚有助人的餘力。

 

第三天在石井過夜,第四天在惠安過夜,第五天的預定行程是到蒲田。但是到達郊尾附近已是下午四點,一方面是已經精疲力絕,另ㄧ方面必須考慮到,天黑以前未能進蒲田,單車夜行其實是蠻危險的。於是在出郊尾的途中看到一家司機旅社,停駐下來。

 

旅社位在途中,但是四樓房間兩面窗戶面向丘陵青山,往外ㄧ望,令人心曠神怡。再加上房間寬敞,兩個單人床,地板衛生間乾淨清爽。老闆索價五十元一晚,是前三夜的半價。晚餐一道粉腸,一道白帶魚,外加兩瓶啤酒,索價二十二元。心想,此乃世外桃源乎?

 

流浪終須停駐。只是我此次前來,未帶手提電腦及書籍,一但停留下來,終日觀看丘陵青山,久了亦會厭倦。還是先回去罷!知道桃源的意義在哪裡,我遲早會尋覓得到。

雄伯手記971027b

October 27, 2008

雄伯手記971027b

 

星期二早晨,好一個艷陽高照的日子。我騎著一部腳踏車在街道繞了幾圈,終於等到十點捷安特店開門。腳踏車選手的車店老闆,熱心地幫我將腳踏車拆解裝箱,然後放置在計程車後車廂後,我一路前往花蓮機場。

 

復興航空公司的櫃檯小姐,熱情可感地幫我劃座及代定前往金門的機票,然後好奇地問:「你年紀那麼大,還要去大陸騎腳踏車?你家人不罵你?假如是我爸爸,我一定會罵他!台灣騎一騎還差不多,大陸、、、」

 

面對她青春艷麗,笑容可掬的臉龐,我一時無言以對,只好趕著將腳踏車送往秤重託運。在候機室裡,她的問題卻一直縈繞在我心頭,思索要怎樣回答才能不傷到週遭的人。直到飛機降落松山,我才省悟到,只有擺脫自我的感傷,我才可能有持平的回答:「你爸爸一定會很高興,因為你的責罵透露著你對他的愛的關懷。可是另一方面,他可能也會感到懊惱,因為愛的關懷往往也會使人喪失追尋自我的潛力。回想你自己的成長時期,不也曾經有過這樣的感覺?只差別扮演的角色,現在巔倒過來。」

 

從松山再轉運到金門,再租計程車運往捷安特店組裝,過程非常順利。下午三點多,我已經騎著腳踏車到碼頭,等待四點半的輪渡。出關入關也沒有什麼阻礙,似乎腳踏車通關對他們已經是司空見慣的事。

 

不到六點鐘,我的腳踏車已經在暮色來臨,華燈初上的廈門街上招搖過市。

雄伯手記971017b

October 19, 2008

雄伯手記971016b

October 17, 2008

雄伯手記971016b

 

跟人溝通或來往,往往會發現對方會有他們約定成俗,或固定僵化的思維方式。這時你可能會有三個方式可以因應:一個了解配合,二是說服扭轉,三是衝突對立。人一生能夠永遠保持在前面兩個方式的階段當然甚好,有時不得不以第三種方式因應,也不完全都是自己的錯,因為溝通或來往的對象是怎樣的人,以及事情的狀況,有時不由得你選擇。

 

D聚餐時,他突然有感而發:「跟沒有讀書習慣的人相處或談話,有時眞是很可怕。什麼事情到了他們嘴巴裡,都變成八卦。實在受不了,只有盡量逃避。」對了,逃避也是一種因應之道。

 

騎腳踏車前往小吃店買午餐,老闆娘用薄薄的塑膠袋給裝上。騎到半途感覺到塑膠袋搖搖欲墬,有斷裂的可能。這時我唯一所能補救的,就是將塑膠袋提放在腳踏車的手把中央,用右手隻手騎車。這當然要很小心。到了紅燈路口,我停下來。再出發時,旁邊有一位中年婦人過來要教我如何將塑膠袋套牢固,我回說:「我知道,但是這樣我擔心塑膠袋會斷裂。」她勃然大怒:「總比生命發生危險好!」

 

她的話像是詛咒,擾亂得我心神不寧,或者說,我是在牽連,因為我最近週遭人際及事物發生諸多狀況,我處理得捉襟見肘,狼狽不堪。一直想用鋌而走險的逃避方式來因應。我非不知安全的可貴,但是人生困境的面對,其難堪有時遠甚於安全上的顧慮。更何況自助旅行的人生哲學不就是:天下沒有絕對安全的地方和方法,因為無常本來就是宇宙及人生的本質。

 

果然,我右手隻手騎了一段距離,一部摩托車從我旁邊閃過。我一緊張壓上右手煞車,前輪輪胎像是被鎖住般,腳踏車竟然出乎我意料之外地倒下。

 

是詛咒?還是活該?就不要去研究了。人生有時遇到的事就只有認了。還好手腳只有些微擦傷,午餐還完整,回去尚可交差。我站起來拍拍身上灰塵,若無其事地回家。