Logic of Phantasy 42 Jacques Lacan

Logic of Phantasy 42
Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉岡

Lacan Seminar 14:
The Logic of Fantasy 11
幻见的逻辑

Seminar 11: Wednesday, February 15, 1967

A situation which is repeated, as a failure situation, for example, implies co-ordinates not of the greater or lesser tension, but of signifying identity of the plus or minus as sign of what must be repeated. But this sign was not carried as such by the first situation. You should clearly understand that this was not marked by the sign of repetition, otherwise, it would not have been the first! Much more, it must be said that it becomes – that it becomes – the repeated situation and that, by that fact, it is lost as originating situation: that there is something lost by the fact of repetition. And this is not alone perfectly articulated in Freud, but he articulated in Freud, but he articulated it well before having been brought to this statement of the “Beyond of the pleasure principle”.

一个被重复的情况，例如，作为一个失败的情况，意味着，並不是有或多或少的紧张的共同座标，而是有意符的认同，以增加跟减少作为必须被重复的符号。但是这个符号本身並没有被标示为第一层次的情况。你们应该清楚地了解，这个並非被重复的符号所标示，否则，它本来不会是第一层次。而且，我们必须说，它成为，它变成，被重复的情况。因为这个事实，它作为原初的情况是「迷失」：「重复的事实，表明有某件东西迷失」。这一点，佛洛伊德不仅表达得很清楚，而且以自己的生命作为验证，而且在他陈述「超越快乐原则」之前，就已经表达。

From the Three essays on sexuality on, we see there arising, arising as impossible, the principle of rediscovery.

从「性学三论文」开始，我们看到，重新发现的原则出现在那里，出现当着是「不可能界」。

The simple approach of clinical experience had already suggested to Freud the discovery and the function of the fact that there is, in the metabolism of drives, this function of the lost object as such. It gives the very sense (6) of what emerges under the rubric of Urverdrangung. That is why it has to be clearly recognised that far from there being here, in Freud’s thinking, a jump or rupture, there is rather the preparation – through a meaning that has been glimpsed – the preparation of something which at last finds its final logical structure in the form of a law constitutive – even though again it is not reflexive – constitutive of the subject himself and which is repetition.

从精神分析经验的简单途径，佛洛伊德已经感受到这个发现和功用。这个迷失客体本身的功用，存在於欲望驱力的新陈代谢里。它给我们的感觉是，它出现在「重复」的架构里，那就是为什麽它必须清楚地被认出，佛洛伊德认为，在那里发生的根本不是一个跳越或一个断裂，而是一种準备，透过我们瞥见的一种意义，某件东西的準备，找到它最后的逻辑结构，以一个组织的法则的形式，即使那个法则並不是反身性质，运用到主体自身的组织，具有重复性质。

The graph – as one might say – of this function, I think that you all have seen passing the shape that I gave as an intuitive, imaginative support of this topology of return, for it to solidarise the part – which is just as important as its direct effect, as this effect that is itself imaged – namely, its retroactive effect, what I called, just now, what happens when by the effect of the repeating, what was to be repeated becomes the repeated.

我不妨说，这个功用的图形，我想你们都已经看见，它通过我给予的形状，直觉及富有想像力地，作为支持退转的这个地形，这样它才能团结这个部分。这个部分作为它直接的影响，作为它本身被想像的影响，它的反动的影响，我刚才所称呼的，所发生的，由於这个重复的影响，将来会被重复的东西，变成已经被重复的东西。

The line (trait) by which there is sustained what is repeated, qua repeating, must close, must rediscover itself at the origin: the one (this line) which, because of it, henceforth marks the repeated as such.

这条被维持，被重复的线，作为重复，必须关闭，必须重新发现它自己，在起源的地方。因为这样，这条线标示着被重复者的本身。

This, this outline, is nothing other than that of the double loop, or again of what I called, the first time that I
introduced it, the “inverted eight” and that we write like this. Here it returns onto what it repeats and it is this which – in the first, fundamental, initiatory operation as such of repetition -gives this retroactive effect that cannot be detached from it, which forces us to think out the third relation, which – from the One to the Two which constitutes the return – comes back in closing itself towards this One in order to give this non-numeral element that I am calling the additional One (Un-en-plus), and which precisely – since it is not reducible to the series of natural numbers, succeed one another – still deserves this title of the additional One, which I designated as essential for any signifying determination and which is always ready, moreover, not simply to appear, but to be grasped, fleeting, detectable, in lived experience, once the counting (comptant) subject has to count himself among the others.

这个轮廓，道道地地是双重的圈套，我所谓的圈套，我第一次介绍它，作为「八的倒转形状」，我们书写如下。在此，它退转到它重复的地方。就是这个地方，这个最初，基本，及起头的运作，作为重复的本身，产生反射性的效应，无法跟它脱离。这使得我们不得不思考有第三个关系，从这个「一」到这个「二」，组成这个退转。这个第三关系回来封闭它自己，朝向这个「一」，为了给予这个非数字的元素，我称之为「额外的一」，因为它没有被化简成为自然数字的系列，它们一个接续一个。它应该获得「额外的一」这个头衔。我指明它作为任何决定任何意符的基本要素，而且，它总是準备，不仅仅要出现，而且要能够被掌握，在我们的生活的经验中，它虽然瞬息消失，仍然可觉察得到，一但善於算计的生命的主体，必须将自己也算计在其余的人当中。

Let us observe that this is the most radical topological form and that it is necessary to introduce what, in Freud, is put forward in these polymorphous forms that are known under the term of regression – whether they are topical, temporal or formal, this is not a homogenous regression – their common root is to be found in this return, in the return effect of repetition.

让我们观察一下，这个最激进的地形形态。我必须要介绍佛洛伊德所提出的，关於这个多样态的形状，这是众所皆知的倒退的术语，无论它是局部性、暂时性、或正常性，这並不一个同质性的倒退。它们的共同根源，应该在这个退转处被找到，在这个重复的退转效应。

Certainly, it is not for nothing that I delayed for so long the examination of these functions of regression. It would be enough to refer to a recent article, published somewhere on a neutral, medical terrain – an article on regression – to see the veritable gap it leaves open, when a thinking, used to not too much light, tries to connect the (7) theory with what analytic practice suggests to it. The sort of curious promotion that regression receives in certain of these most recent theoretical studies responds, no doubt, to something in the experience of analysis, through which, in effect, there deserves to be questioned the progressive effect that can be involved in regression, which, as everyone knows, is essential for the very process of the treatment as such.

的确，我拖延那麽久的时间，才来审查倒退的这些功用，並不是毫无理由。我不妨先提到最近的一篇文章， 某个地方出版的开放性的医学论坛，一篇有关倒退的论文。我们看到它所开展的真正的裂口，当一个默默无闻的思想，设法连接这个理论跟精神分析学的做法，发现到这个裂口。在某些最近的理论的研究，倒退的问题受到这种特别的关注，无可置疑地，回应精神分析经验的需求。事实上，应该被置疑的问题是进步的效应，它会牵涉到倒退的问题。众所皆知，这个进步的效应，在精神分析治疗的过程，是非常重要的。

But it is enough to see, to put your finger on, the distance, which in a way leaves veritably open everything that in this connection is re-evoked from Freud’s formulae, and what is deduced from it as regards practical use (you should consult this article which is in the last number of Evolution Psychiatrique) for one to sense the point to which the regression that is involved here is of a nature to suggest to us the question of whether it is anything more than a theoretical regression.

但是我们要先看到，或理解到这个距离，我们才能感受到这一点，在这里牵涉到的倒退，在性质上，对我们而言，等於是意味着这个问题：它不仅仅是一种理论的倒退。佛洛伊德的公式，一再召唤的每一样东西，都在这个距离里，真实地摊开。我们从那里可以推论出有关它的实际做法（你们应该去看看这篇文章，刊登在「进化精神分裂学」的最近一期）。

In truth, this indeed is the major mode of this rejection that I am designating as essential to one or other present position of the psychoanalyst.

事实上，它确实是这个「拒绝」的主要模式，我现在正指明它，当着是精神分析师的目前的立场，最基本的东西。

By taking up such questions anew, at their origin, as if they had not already been settled somewhere, one makes the pleasure last! It is certainly not the business of those for whom I take responsibility. I will come back to this at the appropriate time, for if, of course, there is in all that to remove every possible reference to something of the order of dishonesty, if from such formulae there is connected and legitimated a finality of the treatment which finds itself covering the crudest illusions of the ego, namely, what is most opposed to analytical renewal.

当我们重新从事这样的问题，在它们的起源处，好像它们在某个地方，还没有稳定下了，我们使得这种乐趣一直延续下去！这确实跟我演讲对象的的听众没有关系。我将在适当时机，回头来谈论这个问题。当然，假如我们将每一个可能的病癥，都以不诚实的态度来处理，假如从这样的公式，发展及造就一个终极的治疗，这种治疗会i发现它自己替个案的「自我」，充斥各种原初的幻想，换句话说，充斥着跟精神分析的觉醒完全相反的东西。

What is meant by what we have contributed under the term of alienation, when we begin to clarify it by this system of signifying involution (if I can call it that) of repetition?

当我们开始澄清「疏离」这个术语，将它视为是身体意符的退转，我们所提出的贡献，那是什麽意思？

We have put forward at first that alienation, is the signifier of the Other, in so far as it makes of the Other (with a capital O) a field marked by the same finiteness as the subject himself: the S (O), S, open bracelets: O barred.

我们首先提出，疏离是大它者的意符，因为它构成大它者（大写字母的大它者）的领域，标示的特性是，人作为生命的主体，是有限性：人作为生命的主体，被禁制大它者被括弧在里面。

What finiteness is at stake? The one which defines in the subject the fact of depending on the effects of the signifier.

怎样的有限性岌岌可危？那就是在主体身上，定义意符的效用，仅具有限的期限。

雄伯译
springherohsiung@gmail.com