From an other to the Other 36

From an other to the Other 36
从他者到大他者

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康
11.12.68

These echelons, not of uncertainty but of defect in the logical texture,
are the very ones that may allow us to grasp that the subject as such
might, in a way, find there his support, his status. In a word the
reference that, at the level of stating, is satisfied by adhering to this
fault itself.

这些阵列，在逻辑结构里，不是不确定的阵列，而是缺陷的阵列。这些阵列让我们能够理解：主体的自身很可能用某种的方式在那里找到支持，他的地位。总之，这个指称，在陈述的层面，靠着坚持这个错误的本身来获得满足。

Does it not seem to you that just as, perhaps, – on condition
that such a numerous audience would be so obliging – as perhaps we
can make it felt in some construction, even if it entails, as already I did
in connection with the field of the Other, abbreviating it, it may be, in a
way, rendered necessary in a statement of discourse, that there could
not even be a signifier there, as, it appears, one can do.

你们难道不觉得，只要有如此众多的听众愿意来听讲—或许，我们能够让它被感觉，用某种的建构，即使它涵盖，如同我已经所做的，关于大他者的领域，缩写它，在辞说的陈述里，某个程度，它必然会有这个必要，似乎，甚至没有一个能指能够在那里，如同我们所做的。

Because in tackling this field from the outside, from logic, nothing prevents us, it
appears, from forging the signifier by which there is connoted what is
wanting in the signifying articulation itself.

因为当我们从外部，从逻辑，克服这个领域，似乎没有任何东西阻止我们不能铸造这个能指。凭借这个能指，在成为能指的表达本身，所欠缺的东西被指明出来。

If this something could,
and I am still leaving this in the margin, be articulated, and this has
been done, that proves that this signifier with which a subject, in the
final analysis, can be satisfied by identifying himself to it as identical
to the very lack of discourse, cannot be situated, if you will allow me
here this abbreviated formula, are not all of those here who are analysts
not aware that it is for want of any exploration of this order that the
notion of castration, which is indeed what I hope you have sensed in
passing to be analogous to what I am stating, that the notion of
castration remains so vague, so uncertain and is handled with the
thickness and the brutality that we know?

假如这个某件东西能够被表达—我依旧将这个东西留在边缘—这个东西已经被表达，它证实，追根究底，主体能够满足于这个能指，凭借认同于这个能指，作为认同于辞说的欠缺。这个能指无法被定位，假如你们容许我在此有这个缩简的公式。那些作为精神分析家的人们，难道全部都知道？因为欠缺对于这个秩序的探险，阉割的观念始终模糊不清。阉割的观念确实是我希望你们已经理解的东西，当它逐渐类同于我正在陈述的东西。阉割的观念是如此模糊，如此不确定，阉割的观念被处理，用我们知道的蛮横与残暴？

In truth, in practice, it is not
handled at all. People substitute for it quite simply what the other
cannot give. People speak about frustration when it is something quite
different that is at stake. On occasion, it is along the path of privation
that people approach it, but as you see, this privation is precisely what
participates in this defect inherent to the subject that it is a matter of
approaching.

实际上，实践时，阉割的观念根本就没有被处理。人们相当简单地用大他者给予的东西替换阉割的观念。人们谈论关于挫折，当岌岌可危的是某件完全不同的东西。有时，人们沿着被剥夺的途径来探究它。但是如同你们看见的，这个剥夺确实是参与这个缺陷的东西，主体本质上的缺陷。问题是要如何探究它？

11.12.68

In short, I will only – to leave what today I am only tracing the outline
of without being able even to foresee what between now and the end of
the year I will manage to get you to tolerate – indicate simply, in
(67) passing, that if something was able to be stated in the field of
logic, you can, all those, at least, who here have some notion of the last
theorems advanced in the development of logic, all of those know that
it is very precisely in so far as this S2, in connection with a particular
system, the arithmetical system for example, properly plays its
function in so far as it is from outside that it counts everything that can
be made into a theory within a well defined O.

总之，我仅是单纯指出—今天我仅是追踪这个缺陷的轮廓，甚至还未能够预先看见，目前与年底结束之间，我将成功地让你们忍受什么东西—偶然地，我仅是单纯指出：假如某件东西能够被陈述，在逻辑的领域，你们能够，至少所有那些人们都能够，在此，他们拥有某些的观念，对于逻辑的发展被提出的那些最后的公理。所有那些人们都知道，确实是因为这个第二能指S2，关于一个特殊的系统，譬如，算术的系统，恰当地扮演它的功能，因为它从外面计算一切能够被套进理论的东西，在清楚定义的大他者O里面。

That it is in so far, in
other terms, that a man of genius called Godel had the idea of
perceiving that it was by taking literally “it counts”, that on condition
of giving to each of the statements of the theorems as situatable in a
certain field, their number called the Godel number that something
surer could be approached than had ever been formulated about these
functions that I could only make an allusion to in what I have
previously stated, when they are called completeness or decidability.

用其他的术语来说，有一位名叫歌德尔的天才，他想到这个观念构想：凭借实质上接纳“它计算”，只要将它们的所谓“歌德尔数”的数字，给予公理的每一个陈述，作为在某个领域里可定位的东西。某件更加确定的东西能够被探究，比起曾经被阐述过的东西更加确定。关于我仅能提到的这些功能，在我先前的陈述的东西里，当它们被称为是“完整性”或“可决定性”。

It is clear that everything is different from a time in the past when it
could be stated that after all mathematics was only tautology, that
human discourse can remain, because it is a field that, according to this
assertion, is supposed to have come from tautology, that there is
somewhere an O that remains a big O identical to itself. Everything is
different from the time that this is refuted, refuted in the surest fashion.

显而易见地，每样东西都跟以前的一次不同，当它能够被陈述：毕竟数学仅是同义反复。人类的辞说能够维持。因为依照这个主张，这一个领域被认为是从同义反复得来。在某个地方，有个始终是认同它自己的大他者的一位大他者。每件东西都不同于这个东西被反驳的这次，用最确定的方式反驳。

That it is a step forward, that it is something that has been learned and
that for anyone who finds himself confronted in experience, in an
experience which appears to us like a transcendental aporia with regard
to natural history as analytic experience does, we do not see the
interest in going to find support in the field of these structures. Of
these structures, as I said in so far as they are logical structures to
situate, to put in their place this x that we are dealing with in the field
of a quite different stating, the one that the Freudian experience allows
and that moreover it directs.

这就是进步的一步。某件东西被学习到。对于任何发现自己面对的人，在经验里，在我们面临的经验里，像一个超验的困惑里,关于自然历史，如同精神分析经验所为，我们并没有看见这个興趣，当我们将要在这些结果的领域里找到支持。在这些结构里，如同我说的，因为它们是逻辑的结构，要定位，要将在个未知数X放置在它们的位置，我们正在处理的这个未知数X，在完全不同的陈述的领域，弗洛依德的精神分析经验使成为可能，而且引导的这个完全不同的陈述的领域。

雄伯译
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