雄伯手記100325

雄伯手記100325
瀏覽心理諮商網頁，發現Michael 翻譯的榮格的「什麼是心理學」，譯文流暢精確，幾乎無懈可擊。啄米鳥正饑腸轆轆地想要離去之時，忽然瞥見幾隻小毛蟲若隱若現，於是興奮地回撲上。
As a result of this more exhaustive treatment of the individual case it could no longer be disguised that the trauma theory was a hasty generalization. Growing experience made it clear t every conscientious investigator of neurotic symptoms that specifically sexual traumata and other shocks may indeed account for some forms of neurosis, but not by any means for all. Freud himself soon stepped beyond the trauma theory and came out with his theory of “repression.” This theory is much more complicated, and the treatment became differentiated accordingly. It was realized that mere abreaction cannot possibly lea to the goal, since the majority of neuroses are not traumatic at all. The theory of repression took far more account of the fact that typical neuroses are, properly speaking, development2 disturbances. Freud put it that the disturbance was due to the repression of infantile sexual impulses and tendencies which were thereby made unconscious. The task of the theory was t track down these tendencies in the patient. But since by definition they are unconscious, their existence could only be proved by a thorough examination of the patient’s anamnesis as we as his actual fantasies.
35
其結果就是，在個別案例的更加徹底的治療中，創傷理論是一種倉促的泛化這一點就再無可掩飾了。隨著經驗的增長，每個認真負責的研究神經症症狀者都明瞭，特 殊的性創傷和其他打擊可能的確可以解釋某些種類的神經症病因，但是絕不是可解釋所有神經症。佛洛德他自己很快跨越了創傷理論，而拿出了他的“潛抑” （repression , 也譯作“壓抑”）理論。這個理論複雜許多，而治療也相應地有所不同。人們認識到僅僅宣洩不太可能達到目標，因為神經症的主體根本不是創傷性的。潛抑理論更 多考慮的是，神經症實際上準確地說，是發展性障礙。佛洛德認為，這種障礙是因為嬰兒式性衝動和傾向被潛抑，從而它們處於無意識狀態的結果。此理論的任務 就是搜尋病人身上的這些傾向。但是既然它們本質上是無意識的，它們的存在就僅僅只能通過徹底地檢查病人的失憶症（anamnesis)和其實際的幻想而證 明。

依雄伯之見
1
As a result of this more exhaustive treatment of the individual case it could no longer be disguised that the trauma theory was a hasty generalization.
A. 其結果就是，在個別案例的更加徹底的治療中，創傷理論是一種倉促的泛化這一點就再無可掩飾了。
B. 由於有更加詳盡的個案治療，我們再也不得不承認：創傷理論是一種過於輕率決定的論斷。

As a result of （由於、、、的結果）， 是介係詞片語，而非副詞片語 as a result （結果）
Exhaustive—looking every detail 巨細靡遺地，詳盡地
Hasty—acting or deciding too quickly without enough thought 輕率決定
Generalization — Reasoning from detailed facts to general principles 推斷，
Disguise —to hide something so that it cannot be recognized 隱藏某件東西，為了不去承認
2
Growing experience made it clear to every conscientious investigator of neurotic symptoms that specifically sexual traumata and other shocks may indeed account for some forms of neurosis, but not by any means for all.
A. 隨著經驗的增長，每個認真負責的研究神經症症狀者都明瞭，特殊的性創傷和其他打擊可能的確可以解釋某些種類的神經症病因，但是絕不是可解釋所有神經症。
B. 隨著心理治療經驗的增長，每位用心的神經官能症的研究者都明白，明確的性創傷和其他情感的驚嚇，確實可以用來解釋某些種類的神經官能症的病因，但是絕非可以解釋全部的神經官能症。
Account for —explain 解釋 by not any means—by no means/ not at all 決非
Conscientious– Characterized by extreme care and great effort 細心努力
for all—account for all forms of neuroses
3
Freud himself soon stepped beyond the trauma theory and came out with his theory of “repression.”
A. 佛洛德他自己很快跨越了創傷理論，而拿出了他的“潛抑” （repression , 也譯作“壓抑”）理論。
B. 不久，佛洛伊德自己也跨越「創傷理論」，而宣佈他的「壓抑理論」。

Come out with—to make a public announcement of something, make known 公開宣佈，使眾周知
4
This theory is much more complicated, and the treatment became differentiated accordingly.
A. 這個理論複雜許多，而治療也相應地有所不同。
B. 這個理論，更加複雜，治療方式也因此繁複。
This theory 指壓抑理論
5
It was realized that mere abreaction cannot possibly lead to the goal, since the majority of neuroses are not traumatic at all.
A. 人們認識到僅僅宣洩不太可能達到目標，因為神經症的主體根本不是創傷性的。
B. 人們體會到，僅用宣洩療法，不可能達成目標，因為大多數的精神官能症患根本不是創傷性質。
The majority 的意思是「大多數」 a large part of a group of people or things，不是什麼「主體」。
6
The theory of repression took far more account of the fact that typical neuroses are, properly speaking, developmental disturbances.
A. 潛抑理論更多考慮的是，神經症實際上準確地說，是發展性障礙。
B. 壓抑理論更加考慮的是，事實上，典型的精神官能症，適當地說，是生命個體化發展的神經質征狀。
7
Freud put it that the disturbance was due to the repression of infantile sexual impulses and tendencies which were thereby made unconscious.
A. 佛洛德認為，這種障礙是因為嬰兒式性衝動和傾向被潛抑，從而它們處於無意識狀態的結果。
B. 佛洛伊德表明，這種神經質症狀是由於嬰孩時期，性欲衝動及傾向受到壓抑。受到壓抑後，連自己都變得渾然不覺有這樣的性欲衝動及傾傾。

unconscious 在此的意思應該是 unconscious of（不知道），無意識是the unconscious
put it 的意思是to express or state something in a particular way （以特別的方式表達或陳述）
例句 ：She put it tactfully. 她有技巧地表達。
Put simply we accept their offer or go bankrupt.
簡單地說，我們要就接受他們的建議，要不然只有破產。
As T.S. Eliot put it, 依照T.S 艾略特所說

thereby 的意思 by that means or because of that （憑藉那樣，或是因為那樣）
句中的意思是：因為受到壓抑repression，嬰孩時期的性欲衝動及傾向，連嬰孩本身都變得渾然不覺made unconscious

Freud put it that the disturbance was due to the repression of infantile sexual impulses and tendencies.

句中的 it 是虛字，引導後面的名詞子句that the disturbance was due to the repression of infantile sexual impulses and tendencies，充當put 的受詞。

類似的句子
See to it that you’re not late for work again!
你要負責，上班不要再一次遲到。
You may rely on it that I shall let nobody disturb you.
你可以信任，我不會讓任何人擾亂你
I take it that he should give his consent.
我假定他應該會同意。

8
The task of the theory was to track down these tendencies in the patient.

A 此理論的任務 就是搜尋病人身上的這些傾向。
B. 壓抑理論的任務，就是要從病人身上，搜尋這些傾向。

Track down to find （something or somebody） by hunting 搜尋

9
But since by definition they are unconscious, their existence could only be proved by a thorough examination of the patient’s anamnesis as well as his actual fantasies.

A.、但是既然它們本質上是無意識的，它們的存在就僅僅只能通過徹底地檢查病人的失憶症（anamnesis)和其實際的幻想而證明。
B. 但是，它們既然本質上讓人渾然不覺，它們的存在，只有憑藉徹底檢查病人的口述病歷，及他的真實的幻想，才有辦法被證實。

an•am•ne•sis n. pl. an•am•ne•ses 的詞典意義有兩個：
1. Psychology A recalling to memory; recollection. 回想，回憶 （心理學）
2. Medicine The complete history recalled and recounted by a patient. 病人所述的病歷（醫學）

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