Anxiety 96 Jacques Lacan

Anxiety 96

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康

THE SEMINAR OF JACQUES LACAN
BOOK X
雅克、拉康研討會第十冊

ANXIETY 論焦慮

1962 – 1963
Seminar 14: Wednesday 13 March 1963

Thanks to Freud we have the plane of cleavage. That is
miraculous in itself. In the ultra-precocious perception that
Freud had of its essential character, we have the function of castration as intimately linked to the traits of the decayed
(caduc) object, of caducity as characterising it essentially.

感謝佛洛伊德，我們擁有分裂的層次。那本身就是奇跡。佛洛伊德擁有這個超級的早熟的感覺，對於這個分裂的基本的特性。我們得到閹割的功用，作為密切的關聯，跟退化的客體的這些特徵，衰退作為它的基本特徵。

It (15)is only starting from this decayed object that we can see what is meant by speaking about partial object. In fact I will tell you right away: the partial object, is an invention of the neurotic, it is a phantasy. It is he who makes a partial object of it. As regards the orgasm and its essential relationship with the function that we define as the fall of the most real of the subject, have you not had – those who have here the experience of being analysts – the testimony of it more than once?

只有從這個衰退的客體開始，我們才能夠看出，談論到部份客體是什麼意思。事實上，我將立刻告訴你們：這個部份客體，是神經質患者的杜撰，它是一種幻見。他自己成為這個幻見的部份客體。關於這個高潮及其跟這個功用的基本關係，我們定義為生命主體最真實界的墮落。你們在此曾經當過精神分析師的經驗的人，難道不是曾經見證過它，不僅一次？

How often have you been told that a subject had, I am not saying his first, but one of his first orgasms when he had to hand up in a great hurry the copy of a composition or of a drawing that he had to finish quickly and where there was collected what? His work, at the moment when it was absolutely expected that something would be torn from him. The collection of the copies: at that moment he ejaculates. He ejaculates at the high-point of anxiety of course.

有多少次，你們曾經聽過，一個生命的主體曾經有過他平生第一次的高潮，當他匆匆忙忙要交出一篇作文跟他必須很快地完成的一幅圖畫的繪圖模本。在那裏，什麼被收集到？他的作品，正當它被絕地期盼的時候，某件東西從他身上被撕開。這些模本的收集：在他射精的時刻。當然，他在他焦慮的高潮射精。

When people speak to us about this famous eroticisation of
anxiety, is it not first of all necessary to know what
relation anxiety already has with Eros? What the respective
aspects of this anxiety are from the side of jouissance and from the side of desire, is what we will try to disengage the next time.

當人們跟我們談論到有關這個著名的焦慮變成色情化，我們難道不是首先要知道，焦慮跟色情已經有怎樣的關係？這個焦慮是從歡爽的這一面，還是從欲望的這一面，這是下一次，我們將設法解析的。

13.3.63 XIV 1
Seminar 14: Wednesday 13 March 1963

Several of you were kind enough to respond to my complaint the last time of not yet having been able to find the Russian term which corresponded to this piece by Chekov which I learned about – I am saying this in passing – through Mr Kaufmann – I will come back to it later. It is Mr Kaufmann himself who, even though he is not a Russian speaker, brought me today the exact text which I asked Smirnoff for example as a Russian speaker to comment on rapidly.

你們好幾位很好心回應我上一次的抱怨，因為找不到俄文的版本，可以對應我瞭解到契可夫的這篇文章。（我當時只是順便提到它，透過考夫曼先生的介紹。）我以後還會談論到它。今天是考夫曼先生本人帶來給我這篇文章，即使他本人並不會講俄語。我請求會說俄語的史沫諾夫，很快地幫我翻譯評論。

I mean – indeed I scarcely dare to articulate these sounds – I do not know the phonology – to save what is involved in the title, CTcflXW which is the plural of the which CTPhXB gives the words that concern dread, fear, anxiety, terror, anguish and poses for us very difficult problems of translation.

我的意思是，我確實不大敢表達這些心聲，以免辜負篇名牽涉到的內涵。（我不懂語音學），篇名 CTcflXW 是 CTPhXB 的複數形，這些欄位意思關係到恐懼、害怕、焦慮、驚恐、痛苦。我們翻譯時，這會形成非常困難的問題。

It is a little bit – I am thinking about it as an improvisation,
I thought of it just now – like what was raised in connection
with the problem of colours, whose connotation surely does not overlap from one tongue to another. The difficulty – I already signaled it for you – that we have in grasping the term which in Russian would correspond precisely to anxiety – because this is where our troubles begin – shows it clearly.

這是有點困難，（我想到它，是當著是心血來潮。我剛才想到它。）就像談到顏色的問題時，會被提出的問題。這些顏色的內涵，在不同的語言之間，確實沒有雷同之處。這個困難，（我已經跟你們提到過），當我們在理解這個術語時的困難，在俄文裏，它明確地對應於焦慮，並且清楚地顯現。（因為這是麻煩開始的地方。）

In any case, if I correctly understood, from the debates among
the Russian speakers here that this word gave rise to, it appears that in one way what I advanced the last time here was correct, namely that Chekov had not intended by this to speak about anxiety.

無論如何，假如我理解得沒錯，從在此的說俄語的人的爭論當中，這個字詞會產生焦慮。在某方面，似乎我上一次在此提出的解釋並沒有錯，換句話說，契可夫原先提到這個字詞，並沒有打算談論焦慮。

At this point, I come back to what I wanted to render to Kaufmann,it is then very exactly the following: I used this example the last time to clarify, as one might say, in a lateral fashion, the thing whose reversal I was’ trying to operate before you, namely to introduce the question, I said that it would be just as legitimate to say in fact that fear has no object; and, as I was going to announce in any case, as I already had done previously, that anxiety, for its part, was not without an object, that had a certain interest for me. But it is obvious that this absolutely does not exhaust the question of what are these fears or frights or dreads or whatever else, which are (2) designated in the examples of Chekov.

在這個時候，我回到我想要跟考夫曼解釋的，確實是底下的意思：上一次，我使用這個例子，不妨說是，從另一個角度的方式，來澄清這件事情。這件事情的倒轉，我當時正在跟你們運作。換句話說，為了要跟你們介紹這個問題，我說，事實上，我們同樣有理由說：恐懼沒有客體。如同我在任何情況，都會這樣宣稱，如同我以前曾經這樣宣稱：就本身而言，焦慮並非沒有客體。我對焦慮有某種的興趣。但是顯而易見的，這樣說絕對無法一語概括，這些恐懼，或是驚懼，或是害怕等等的問題。這些問題在契可夫的例子裏，被指明出來。

Now, since – I do not think I am misrepresenting him – Mr
Kaufmann is trying to articulate something quite precise and
focused precisely on these Chekovian frights, I think it is
important to underline that I only made a lateral usage of it and one that was dependent on the one that will be brought forward by him in a work that is to be done later.

現在，既然考夫曼先生正在設法表達某件相當明確的東西，（我想我並沒有誤解他），確實地集中焦點於這些契可夫的驚懼，我認為強調這一點是很重要的，我只是從另一個角度來使用它。我的用法是依靠他在一部作品所提出的用法。這部作品我們以後還會提到。

And on this point, I think that before beginning today I am going to allow you to profit from a little discovery, due again to Mr Kaufmann, who is not a Russian speaker, which is that in the course of this research he found another term, the most common term for “I am afraid”, which it appears is £iCl tO£b.it is the first word that you see written there in the two sentences;

對於這一點，我想在今天開始之前，我將要讓你們從一件小的發現當中得到利益。再一次感謝考夫曼先生，他並不會說俄語，但是在這個研究的過程，他發現另外一個術語，來表達「我恐怕」，俄文似乎是 £iCl tO£b。那是你們看到被寫在那裏的第一個字，在這兩個句子裏。

陳春雄譯
32hsiung@pchome.com.tv