Anxiety 27 Jacques Lacan

Anxiety 27

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康

THE SEMINAR OF JACQUES LACAN
BOOK X
雅克、拉康研討會第十冊

ANXIETY 論焦慮

1962 – 1963
Seminar 4: Wednesday 5 December 1962

This is what I already expressed before you on other occasions, by saying that what was believed to have been perceived as being a perversion under the neurosis, is simply what I am in the process of explaining to you, namely a phantasy entirely situated at the locus of the Other, the support taken upon something which, if one encounters it, is going to present itself as perversion.

這就是我已經在好幾個場合，跟你們表達的內容。我說，我們認為是神經質患者身上被感覺是屬於變態狂的症狀，就是我正在跟你們解釋的東西。換句話說，一個幻見完全定位在大它者的軌跡。根據某件東西得來的支持，假如我們遭遇到它，它將會呈現它自己，成為變態狂。

Neurotics have perverse phantasies, and that is why analysts have racked their brains for a long time asking themselves what that means. It can be clearly seen all the same that it is not the same thing, that it does not function in the same way. Hence the question which is engendered and the confusions which multiply about the question of whether, for example a perversion is really a perversion, namely whether it does not function as a question which reduplicates the following: namely of what use the perverse phantasy is to the neurotic?

神經質患者擁有變態狂的幻見。那就是為什麽，精神分析師長久以來絞盡腦筋，詢問自己那時什麽意思。依然顯而易見的是，兩者並不相同，彼此的功用也不一樣。因此，這個問題被產生，各種混淆也紛至沓來，例如，一位變態狂是否真的是變態狂，換句話說，它的功用是否會複製以下的問題，換句話說，對於神經質患者，變態狂的幻見具有怎樣的用途？

Because there is all the same one thing that, starting from the position of the function that I have just set up before you of the phantasy, one must begin by saying, it is that this phantasy that the neurotic makes use of, that he organises at the moment that he makes use of it – there is indeed in effect something of the order of o which appears at
the place of Heim, above the image that I designate for you, the locus of the appearance of anxiety – well then, there is
something altogether striking which is that, precisely, this is what serves him best to defend himself against anxiety, to cover up the anxiety.

因為依舊還有一件事情，從我剛剛在你們面前，建立的幻見的功用的立場開始，我們必須開始說，神經質患者所使用的這個幻見，他在使用它時組織的幻見，實際上，確實有某件屬於某個秩序的東西，出現在「奧秘」位置，高於我指定給你們的意象的上方，焦慮的表面的軌跡。嗯，有某件非常耐人尋味的東西，確實地說，這就是為了防衛自己，對抗焦慮，掩蓋這個焦慮，所提供給他的最佳服務。

There is therefore – this can only be conceived naturally
starting from presuppositions which I had to pose at first in their extreme form, but like every new discourse, you have to (10) judge it at the moment that it takes shape and see whether it covers (as I think you have no doubt) the functioning of experience – this object o which the neurotic puts into his phantasy, suits him, I would say, the way gaiters suit a rabbit.

因此，神經質患者將這個小客體，放進他的幻見，讓他安之若素，就像運動員套上綁腿，也心安理得。當然這只能夠從我起初必須提出的預先假設開始，我們才能這樣構想。但是如同每一種新的真理論述，你必須在它成為一家之言的時刻判斷它，並且看看是否它有涵蓋到經驗的功用。（這一點，我認為你們毫無置疑。）

This indeed is why the neurotic never makes very much of his
phantasy. It succeeds in protecting him against anxiety
precisely in the measure that it is a false o. It is the
function that I illustrated for you a long time ago of the dream of “the butcher’s beautiful wife”. The butcher’s beautiful wife loves caviar; only she does not want it because this might give too much pleasure to her big brute of a husband who is capable of swallowing that with the rest, even that would not stop him.

這確實就是為什麼，神經質患者從來沒有很看重他的幻見。他的幻見保護他對抗焦慮，確實是因為那是一個虛假的客體。這就是很久以前，我跟你們舉例說明的，「屠夫的美麗的妻子」的夢想，所發揮的功用。這位屠夫的美麗的妻子喜愛魚子醬，但是她並不想要吃，因為她一吃，她那位粗暴的丈夫就會欣喜若狂，將剩餘的部份全都狼吞虎嚥，吃相難看。

Now what interests the butcher’s beautiful wife, is not at all of course to feed her husband with caviar, because, as I told you, he would add a whole menu to it, because he has a huge appetite, the butcher.

當然，屠夫美麗的妻子感到興趣的，根本不是要用魚子醬餵飽她的丈夫。如同我曾經告訴過你嗎，他還會增添整桌的菜，因為他的食欲很大，這位屠夫。

The only thing that interests the butcher’s beautiful wife is that her husband should want the little nothing
that she holds in reserve.

屠夫的美麗的妻子唯一感到興趣的事是，她的丈夫應該只吃她所剩餘的部份。

This formula is quite clear when we are dealing with a hysteric;
believe me today: it applies to all neurotics. This object o functioning in their phantasy, and which serves as a defense for them against their anxiety, is also, despite all appearances, the bait with which they hold onto the other.

這個公式是顯而易見，當我們正在處理一位歇斯底里症患者。今天，請大家相信我。這個症狀可以運用到所有的神經質病患。這個小客體在他們的幻見裏發揮功用，對他們充當一種防衛，對抗他們的焦慮。此外，雖然外表看起不明顯，這個小客體還可以充當是一種釣餌，他們用來套牢對方。

And thank God for it: it is to this that we owe psychoanalysis.
There was a lady named Anna 0 who knew something about the
operation of the hysterical game and who presented her whole
story, all her phantasies, to Messrs Breuer and Freud who
precipitated themselves onto it like little fish into water.

感謝上帝。我們就將精神分析學，歸功於這個小客體。有一位女士名叫安娜、奧。她對於歇斯底里的遊戲的運作略有所知，她呈現她全部的故事，所有她的幻見，給布瑞爾及佛洛伊德醫生。這兩位醫生像水裏的魚兒，饑不擇食地吞上她的這個釣餌。

Freud on I no longer remember what page, 271, of Studien iiber
Hysterie marvelled at the fact than in Anna 0 all the same there was not the slightest defense. She gave everything she had, just like that.

佛洛伊德對於這個事實大吃一驚：在安娜、奧這位神經質病患身上，竟然完全沒有絲毫的防衛機制。她將她所有的幻見全盤托出，（我不再記得哪一頁，大約是歇斯底里症論文集271頁）。

There was no need to work very hard to have the whole
package. Obviously he found himself before a generous form of hysterical functioning. And it was for that reason that Breuer, as you know, really felt it going down; because he, along with the formidable bait also swallowed the little nothing, and he spent some time trying to regurgitate it. He stayed well away from it in future.

要理解這一整套的幻見，並不需要太過費心。顯而易見的，他發現他自己面臨的是一位歇斯底里患者毫無保留地傾訴。因為那個理由，布瑞爾，眾所皆知，真的感覺到自己越來越身不由己。因為伴隨著這個巨大的釣餌，他也吞嚥下這個小小的空無。他花費一些時間將這個空無消化反芻。他以後要對它避之唯恐不及。

(11) Luckily Freud was neurotic. And since he was both
intelligent and courageous, he knew how to make use of his own anxiety about his desire – which was at the source of his
ridiculous attachment to this impossible woman who as a matter of fact buried him called Madame Freud – and he knew how to make use of it to project onto the X-ray screen of his fidelity to this phantastical object, to recognise in it without blinking even for an instant what it was a question of doing, namely to understand what use all of this was and well and truly to admit that Anna 0 had perfectly in her sights, Freud himself, but that he was obviously a little bit harder to have than the other, Breuer.

幸運地，佛洛伊德是一位神經質患者。因為他既聰明又勇敢，他知道如何來使用他自己欲望的焦慮。這就是他跟這位不好招惹的女人，保持若拒若離的微妙關係。事實上，這個女人最後以佛洛伊德夫人的名義，替他辦喪事。佛洛伊德知道如何使用這個欲望的焦慮，來投射他對於這幻見客體的忠誠度，到X光片的螢幕上。這樣他才能認出這個幻見的客體，而絲毫不會眨眼睛。換句話說，問題是要瞭解，這樣做是什麼意思，假如他承認，安娜、奧當面所看到的幻見，確實就是佛洛伊德。但是顯而易見的，比起另外一位，也就是布瑞爾醫生，佛洛伊德顯得比較難於應付。

陳春雄譯
32hsiung@pchome.com.tw