Archive for the ‘英文珠璣’ Category

英文珠璣

April 8, 2009

英文珠璣 03

 

觀看李敖的電視節目「語妙天下」。今天他挑了莎士比亞「威尼斯商人」的一個句子:It is a wise father that knows his own child. 莎士比亞的專家梁實秋譯作:「聰明的父親纔能認識他自己的兒子。」朱生豪譯作:「祇有聰明的父親纔會知道他自己的兒子。」李敖根據上下文及中國經典中的「父莫知己子」,證明梁實秋及朱生豪兩位大師均誤譯。

 

李敖說得沒錯,兩位莎士比亞的權威大師均誤譯這句反諷的強調句法:「即使再賢明的父親,也無法瞭解自己兒子。」。只是李敖引用的根據竟然是中國經典及上下文,而不是英文慣用的特有句型。It is…that的句法具有即使、雖然的讓步concession的意涵,其實在諺語中屢見不鮮,二十幾年前,陳雙鈞的「英文類似句型之比較」一書中,就舉了許多例子證明。

 

It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.

無論再怎樣的惡風,總有人得益。

It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.

再聰明的人,有時也會犯錯。(智者千慮,必有一失。)

It is a long lane that has no turning.

天下無不散宴席。(無論再怎麼長的巷子,也會有盡頭。)

It is a skillful workman that never blunders.

雖有巧匠,難免犯錯。

It is foul bird that dirties its own nest.

鳥無論如何齷齪,不會弄髒其巢。

It is a good horse that never stumbles, and a good wife that never grumbles.

雖是良駒,難免躓培。雖是賢妻,亦會嘮叨。

 

A P Cowie, R Mackin and Ir McCagig 所編的Oxford Dictionary of current Idiomatic English 亦有一些例子:

 

It is a long lane that knows no turning.

英文注釋是:

Nothing goes on for ever; there’s sure to be a change some time that will give relief.

無事能常存,總是會有改變,令人欣慰。

 

It’s an ill wind that blows nobody good.

英文注釋是:

Few situations, or events, are so unwelcome or disastrous that nobody at all gets any benefits or profits from them. One person’s misfortune may be another man’s good.

沒有幾樣狀況或事件是如此不受歡迎或災難,以致無人能從其中得益。某人的不幸,恰是他人的好處。

 

 

 

英文珠璣 02

April 8, 2009

英文珠璣 02

 

p301

 

我們的遭遇的試煉與戰勝一切雖是獨一無二,卻又普遍存在。

 

Our trials and triumphs became at once unique and universal.

 

“ at once…and” 的句型是both…and at the same time…and既是、、、又是

 

如果部份的我還是感覺到,星期天的教會洗禮在簡化我們的處境,它會遮蓋掉或壓抑存在我們之間的真正衝突,還有賴行動進一步證明:我同樣第一次感覺到,我們的內在精神已經在萌芽,我們可以有更大的夢想。

 

And if a part of me continued to feel that this Sunday communion sometimes simplified our condition, that it could sometimes disguise or suppress the very real conflicts among us and would fulfill its promise only through action, I also felt for the first time how that spirit carried within it, nascent, incomplete, the possibility of moving beyond our narrow dreams.

 

“ if” 在上下文的語意應該是讓步句,有「即使」、「雖然」之義。 “ fulfill its promise only through action” 只有透過行動才能實踐它所許諾的理想。

 

P289

崔西站起來,把裙子拉好。「我應該警告你,牧師有時就喜歡像個傻瓜。」

 

Tracy said, standing up and straightening out her skirt, “ I should have warned you that Rev likes to act silly sometimes.”

 

“ should” 後面接的是完成式,而非原形動詞,表示過去事實相反的意味,直譯是「我本來應該先警告你。」或意譯「我剛才忘了警告你,牧師有時喜歡裝瘋賣傻。」

 

p389

它坐落在第九十五街一個熱鬧的住宅區。

It sat flush on Ninety-fifth Street in a mostly residential neighborhood.

 

“ flush” 的原意是正坐落squarely 或相同平面 in the same plane,顯然跟熱鬧無關,何況附近大都是住宅區。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

英文珠璣 01

April 8, 2009

雄伯手記980408

 

最近心血來潮,翻譯了幾篇哲學家德勒茲的千高台,原是幫忙自己閱讀時觀念的澄清,想不到引起的迴響還不少。還有一位高手以法文對照,指正了我誤譯的地方,如將圍棋Go誤譯為跳棋,西方的國家人occidental man of State  誤譯為國家的西方人。

 

前兩個星期開始參加的學校退休老師的讀書會,讀的是美國總統的那本「歐巴馬夢想之路」。我買了一本英文本逐句參照,卻發現這本由名人名家具名推薦的翻譯還是跟原文有些出入。心想何不將它拿來當句子分析的講解材料?

 

P301

希望,就像是漢娜一樣的豎琴手!努力讓微弱的音符上天堂。她敢於希望,她有勇氣,只用一根琴弦,贊美上帝,她已經擺脫痛苦

 

Hope! Like Hannah, that harpist,is looking upwards, a few faint notes floating upwards towards the heavens. She dares to hope…She has the audacity…to make music …and praise God…on the one string…she has left!

 

英文的floating 只是飄浮而已,跟努力何關? on the one string …she has left on the string which she has left 拆開的省略句, which 代替the string has 的受詞,left在此是過去分詞,當She has one string left句的受詞補語,不是在現在完成式,意思是剩下,不是離開或擺脫,跟痛苦沒有什麼關係。

 

P235

我們總是因別人的眼光動彈不得,總是擔心別人會發現我們內心的匱乏。

 

We had been frozen by the sight of the other, unable to escape the suspicion that under examination our true selves would be found wanting.

 

這裡的the other是指歐巴馬跟父親互為兩人的對方one…the other,而不是別人others。父子彼此生活在惶惑不安的心靈疏離當中,無法告白傾訴,因為一看到對方the sight of the other,彼此的內心就凍僵起來。

 

P261

「跟你說,兄弟,世界只有一個地址。」

「你是說,世界很小,哈。」

 

“ Telling you, man, the world is a place.”

“ Say, the world is a place, huh.”

 

“ The world is a place.” 原是藍調音樂或爵士樂的歌詞 “ I’m going to find a place in the world”借喻而來,描述青年男女到處飄泊流浪,追求使命mission,尋找自己身心或靈魂可以安頓、或安身立命、或有歸屬感的一席之地。若譯成「世界總會有我的安頓之處」似乎較能讓人理解,也跟後面的問答較能呼應。

 

“Whole panorama of life out there. Crazy shit going on. You got to ask yourself, is this kinda stuff happening elsewhere? Is there any precedent for all this shit? You ever ask yourself that?”

“ The world’s a place,” I repeated.