The Psychoses 10
精神病患
Jacques Lacan
雅克、拉康
II
PRESIDENT SCHREBER
苏瑞伯庭长
On the other hand, an entire metabolic imagery is developed with extreme
precision regarding the nerves, according to which the impressions registered
by the nerves subsequenly become the primary material which, reincorporated
into the rays, nourishes divine action and may well be taken up again, reworked, and utilized in later creations.
在另一方面，一整个新陈代谢的意象极端正确地被发展，关于神秘。依照这个意象，印象被神经铭记，随后成为原初的材料。当这些材料被重新合并成为光辉时，滋养了神圣的行动，并且很有理由被重新从事，被重新建构及利用，作为后来的创造。
The details of these functions matter enormously and we shall come back to them. But already it appears to be characteristic of these rays that they talk – they are obliged to, they have to speak. The nerves’ soul intermingles with a certain fundamental language defined by the subject – 1 shall show you with what subtlety when I read out the appropriate passages. It’s akin to a highly vigorous German, with an extremely developed use of euphemism) that includes using the ambivalent power of words – next time I shall give you a condensed reading to greater effect.
这些功用的细节非常地重要。我们将回头谈论它们。但是它似乎是这些光辉的特色：它们谈话，他们不得不谈话，他们必须言说。这些神经的灵魂，跟主体所定义的某些的「基本的语言」，互相混合。我将跟你们显示它们的微妙之处，当我朗读这些适当的段落时。它类似一直非常严峻的德国人，对于委婉语运用得维妙维肖，这些委婉语包括使用文字具有可疑力量。下一次，我将给予你们一个关于那个意思的浓缩的朗读
It’s quite exciting to recognize a striking likeness here to Freud’s famous article on the double meaning of primitive words.14 You recall that Freud thought he had found an analogy between the language of the unconscious, which admits no contradiction, and primitive words that are characterized by their ability to designate the two poles of a property or quality, good and bad, young and old, long and short, etc.
这是相当令人興奋斗，体认到在此一个引人注意的相像，类似弗洛伊德的著名的文章，讨论原始文字的双重意义。你们回想一下，弗洛伊德梦想他曾经找到一个类比，在无意识的语言与原始的文字之间。前者比容许有任何的悖论，后者的特色则是它们能够指明一个特性或特质的两个极端，好与坏，年轻及衰老，长和段等等。
A lecture by M. Benveniste last year presented you with a convincing critique of that from the point of view of linguistics,15 but it remains no less true that Freud’s remark carries weight in our experience with neurotics, and if there were anything that guarantees its value it would be the emphasis that in passing Schreber confers on it.
边文尼斯特去年所做的演讲，呈现给与你们具有说服力的批判，从语言学的观点。但是这仍然是同样真实的，弗洛伊德的谈论具有相当的份量，有关我们精神分析对于神经症的经验。假如有任何东西保证它的价值，那将是苏瑞伯恰好给予它的这个强调。
This delusion, whose richness you will see, presents surprising analogies – not only through its content, the image’s symbolism, but also through its construction, its very structure – with certain schemas that we can ourselves be called upon to draw out of our own experience.
这个幻觉，你们将会看出它的丰富性，呈现令人惊奇的类似，不当通过它的内容，意象的象征，而且通过它的建构，它的结构，带有某些基模，我们自己会被要求根据我们自己的经验描绘这些基模。
You may, in this theory of divine nerves that talk and may be integrated by the subject while remaining radically separate from him, vaguely see something that isn’t totally different from what I teach about the way one has to describe the functioning 37 of the unconscious.
在神性神经的理论：神性神经可能会被主体合并，一方面又跟他强烈地隔开，你们可能模糊地看出某件东西。这个东西并不完全不同于我所教导，关于我们必须描述的无意识的功用。
The Schreber case objectifies certain structures supposed correct in theory – with the possibility of overturning that stems from this, which is in any case a question that arises concerning all species of emotional construction in these sensitive domains that we are habitually exploring.
苏瑞伯的个案让在理论上被认为是正确的某些的结构客观化，带有起源于这里的颠覆的可能性。无论如何，这是一个产生的问题，关于各种情感的建构，在我们正在习惯于探索的这些敏感的领域。
This remark was made by Freud himself, who in some ways authenticates the
homogeneity I’m claiming. At the end of his analysis of the Schreber case he notes that he has never yet seen anything that so much resembles his own libido theory, with its disinvestments, separation reactions, influence at a distance, as Schreber’s theory of divine rays, which doesn’t bother him, since the drift of his whole exposition is to reveal a surprising approximation between Schreber’s delusion and structures of both interindividual exchange and intrapsychical economy.17
弗洛伊德自己发表这个谈论。在某方面，他让我正在宣称的同质性成为真实。在他对于苏瑞伯的个案的精神分析结束，他注意到，他还没有看见过任何东西，如此类似他自己的力比多理论：力比多的错误投注，分开的反应，远距离的影响。这些像是苏瑞伯的神性光辉的理论。这个理论并没有让他感到困扰，因为他的整个的表述的漂浮，是要显示一个令人惊奇的靠近：处于苏瑞伯的幻觉与结构，对于个人之间的交换与内部心理的力量运作。
So, as you see, we are dealing with an advanced case of madness. His delusional introduction gives you an idea of the polished nature of Schreber’s lucubrations. And yet, owing to this exemplary case and to the intervention of such a penetrating mind as Freud’s, we find ourselves for the first time in a position to grasp structural notions which it’s possible to extrapolate to all cases – this vivid and at the same time illuminating novelty allows a classification of paranoia to be recast on completely new foundations.
所以，如你们所见，我们正在处理一个严重的疯狂案例。他的幻觉的介绍给与你们一个观念：苏瑞伯的精心钜作具有润色精炼的特性。由于这个典范的个案，与诸如弗洛伊德如此深刻心灵的介入，我们发现我们自己第一次处于理解结构性的观念。要获得所有个案的结构性的观念是可能的。这个生动而同时具有启发性的新奇，容许偏执狂的分类重新被塑造，根据完全新的基础。
We also find in the very text of the delusion a truth that isn’t hidden, as it is in the neuroses, but made well and truly explicit and virtually theorized. The delusion
presents it – one can’t even say from the moment one has the key to it, but as soon as one takes it for what it is, a double, perfectly legible, of what is explored by theoretical investigation.
就在幻觉的这个文本里，我们也发现一项没有被隐藏的真理，因为它发生在神经症患者身上，但是它被表达得非常明确，而且几乎被实现。这个幻觉呈现它—我们甚至不能够说，从这个时刻，我们拥有它的解答，但是当我们接受它，因为它本来的样子，一个双重，而且非常请楚地，对于理论的研究所探索的东西。
This is where the exemplary character of the field of the psychoses, for which I have recommended that you reserve the greatest extension and the greatest suppleness, is located, and this is what justifies our giving special attention to it this year.
23 November 1955
这就是精神疾病的领域作为典范的特性。我曾经推荐，对于这个特性，你们应该保留这个最大的延伸及最大的弹性。这个特性被定位，这就是我们今年要给予特别注意的地方。
32hsiung@pchome.com.tw
http://springhero.wordpress.com
